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Öğe Anti-Imperialism and Kemalism: Discussions on Liquidation of Europacentrisme and Adaptive Reformism in the Single Party Era(Uluslararasi Iliskiler Konseyi Dernegi, 2014) Turan, OmerThe intellectual history of the single-party era has been mostly studied by focusing on debates over economic policies. This article focuses on an under-studied debate. By analyzing Celal Nuri's Turkish Revolution (1926) and Sevket Sureyya's Kadro articles, it discusses different imaginations of modernity conceived by different Kemalist intellectuals. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Kemalist intellectuals encountered a series of theoretical questions. The basic question was about the basis of modernization project in a non-Western society By revisiting Celal Nuri, who was in favor of an unconditional and comprehensive Westernization and Sevket Sureyya, who was in favor of an authentic modernization project, this article analyzes this intra-Kemalist debate.Öğe Football fans and contentious politics: The role of carsi in the Gezi Park protests(Sage Publications Ltd, 2019) Turan, Omer; Ozcetin, BurakThis article problematizes the role played by a football fan club-carsi-in one of the largest social movements in Turkish political history, the Gezi Park protests of June 2013. The authors suggest that as unusual suspects in social movements, carsi's role in the Gezi Park protests can be understood with the conceptual toolbox provided by theories of contentious politics. Since action repertoires, or known sequences for acting together, are key to contentious politics and social movements, carsi's organized and effective performance during the Gezi Park protests shows how previous encounters with the police can be decisive in terms of social upheavals. This study suggests that carsi members, who were already accustomed to making ethical judgments on a variety of issues both political and non-political, should be taken as a prominent example of how supporters on terraces and fan clubs facilitate the framing processes described by the social movement literature.Öğe From system integration to social integration: Kurdish challenge to Turkish republicanism(Sage Publications Inc, 2016) Boyraz, Cemil; Turan, OmerThe modern republican history of Turkey and its relation with the question of ethnic diversity could be understood via the tension between the processes of system integration and social integration. This article, based on Jurgen Habermas' conceptual framework, draws the sources of such tension with reference to the Kurdish identity in Turkey since the early republican era. For this purpose, from the 1920s to the 2000s, policies and discourses of system integration aiming at a certain degree of ethnic homogenization to eliminate possible threats' to territorial integrity and national unity are discussed in detail. While system integration processes reflect an exclusionary and assimilative-securitist logic of state practices regarding the Kurdish question, this article argues that the Kurdish challenge to republicanism and to its system integration logic promises more for the dynamics of social integration. Especially since the 1990s, while processes of system integration are still in force; national, regional and diasporic achievements of Kurdish politics and its call for a democratic transformation of the republic based on decentralist, participatory and multiculturalist values have become much more visible. This new focus on democratic transformation demands more for social integration through internalization of roles as well as through promotion of an active communication between citizens by raising the claims of active participation to social and political spheres as well as by making identity visible in different aspects of socio-cultural life. Degree of social integration and its success vis-a-vis system integration will be decisive in the democratic transformation of Turkey in the future.Öğe Open wounds: Armenians, Turks and a century of genocide(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Turan, Omer; Cemgil, Can[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Silent Violence: Neoliberalism, Islamist Politics and the AKP Years in Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Boyraz, Cemil; Turan, Omer[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The '68 Movements around the World and in Turkey: One Movement or Many(Brill, 2021) Turan, OmerThe student movement of '68 was both a major source of inspiration and subject of research for the social movement scholars. One persistent disagreement about studying '68 lies between the world-system theory-Wallerstein views the movement as a single revolution-and the contentious politics approach-McAdam, Tarrow, and Tilly refuse to consider '68 one grand movement. Expanding this theoretical debate, this article overviews Turkey's '68 movement and discusses its divergence from the global movement. Wallerstein summarizes the single revolution of '68 with five points: challenging US hegemony, working-class solidarity, demanding education reform, counter-culture, and challenging the old left. This article revisits these points and cross-reads them with insights of the contentious politics approach to evaluate Turkey's '68 movement. It then focuses on mobilizing structures, framing processes, and repertoires of contention that have shaped student activism.Öğe The manner of contention: Pluralism at Gezi(Sage Publications Inc, 2015) Ors, Ilay Romain; Turan, OmerThis article is based on an ethnographic investigation of the Gezi Park events in 2013. Starting from the much acknowledged characteristics of Gezi as being its cultural and political pluralism and its commitment to non-violence, in this article we are engaging with two interlinked questions: How has the plurality of participants and orientations been possible to attain, and how could this pluralism be contained without any major conflict at Gezi? We propose to provide an answer by focusing on the manners of everyday life at Gezi Park during the time of dissidence, which we conceptualize as manner of contention'. It was the manner of contention that characterized the specific ways in which contentious politics took place at Gezi and prevented the formation of clashes among the plurality of contenders. The ethnographic research delineates at least 4 components of manner of contention in the case of Gezi: an ethos of collective work; a spirit of exchange and gift-giving; politeness; and non-violence.